This article examines the main morphological methods of word formation in the German language, with particular focus on lexical units denoting natural phenomena. The research highlights composition, derivation, conversion, and abbreviation as the most productive processes that contribute to the development of German scientific and general vocabulary. Through detailed examples such as Naturereignis, Sturmflut, and Überschwemmung, the study demonstrates how morphological structures not only enrich the lexicon but also ensure semantic transparency and precision in describing natural events. The findings underscore the significance of word formation in shaping terminology, facilitating linguistic transfer, and reflecting socio-cultural changes in modern German.