The article argues that the interpretation and definition of disability in national legislation and society is not based on a biopsychosocial model approach, and that the issue of overcoming the attitudes and environmental barriers they face in this regard should become a nationwide movement. Current issues of studying the social problems of children with disabilities through the method of "case-study", the definition of the concept of "case-study", the history of the development of this method are covered in detail. Through real-life examples, the social problems of children with disabilities, the description and analysis of the case are detailed. The author focuses on theoretical and methodological approaches to the case-study method in the system of social sciences. The methodological problems of the case-study method (general assumptions, selection of research work, justification, generalization) in the study of socialization processes in children with disabilities are described in detail. The author also provides scientifically based suggestions and recommendations for the development of a modified form of the case-study method in national sociology.