It is emphasized that the education system is the initiator of changes in the introduction of gender equality in society. This, in turn, requires the development of a theoretical and methodological framework for the implementation and management of a gender approach to the education system. Therefore, this article discusses the specifics of the implementation of a gender approach to higher education, the creation of equal rights and opportunities for women and men in higher education from a scientific point of view. One of the effective mechanisms to ensure gender equality was the work of the Advisory Council on Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men established at the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education. The results of a survey conducted to study the guarantee of equal rights and opportunities for women and men in higher education were analyzed. Recommendations have also been made to introduce a gender approach to the education system. This article highlights the historical reforms carried out to increase the socio-political and social activity of women, to create conditions for them to realize their abilities and potential in various fields and sectors, to achieve social equality for women.