This paper investigates vibration reduction in metal cutting machine tools, with emphasis on turning, using mathematical–dynamic modeling and optimization. Cutting vibrations deteriorates surface quality and accuracy, accelerate tool wear, and reduces process stability. A singledegree-of- reedom dynamic model of the machine–tool–workpiece system is developed, where the cutting force is represented as a time-delay function. MATLAB simulations are performed and cutting conditions (speed, feed, and depth of cut) are optimized. The results show that optimized regimes significantly reduce vibration amplitude, providing practical value for improving the efficiency and stability of turning operations.