In our country, using the experience of developed countries is crucial for the implementation of education reforms. Reforms based on modern approaches today are an important factor in the development of vocational education in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Comparison of indicators of the educational reform process in different countries helps to detect and overcome shortcomings, enrich one‘s own experience and find more fruitful and optimal ways of developing the educational system. In this article, based on the comparison method, the general trends and features of the development, modernization of vocational education in Uzbekistan and Japan are determined. Based on an analysis of the current state of the vocational education system of the Republic of Uzbekistan, practical proposals were developed for further improving the prospects for vocational schools based on Japanese experience.