After the conquest of Central Asia by Russia, its ruling circles began to pursue an aggressive policy, appropriating all of its natural and material riches. To achieve these goals, the agenda raises the question of linking the territory of Russia with Central Asia via railways. This article focuses on issues related to the design of the Trans-Caspian Railway, the approval of these projects, the progress of construction by rail between cities, as well as changes in trade links, an increase in the number of goods carried.This article focuses on issues related to the design of the Trans-Caspian Railway, the approval of these projects, the progress of construction by rail between cities, as well as changes in trade links, an increase in the number of goods carried.These informations are presented through archival data and relevant literature.