This article examines the causes and consequences of wear occurring in the internal parts of mills and pumps, which are widely used in industrial processes, as well as modern methods for increasing durability. The influence of mechanical, chemical, and thermal factors is highlighted, and the consequences of friction, abrasive particles, corrosion, and high temperatures are analyzed. In order to reduce wear, the effectiveness of using high-manganese steels, hard alloys, nanocomposite materials, heat treatment, ceramic and polymer coatings, as well as modern monitoring technologies, is substantiated. As a result of the research, the possibilities of significantly extending the service life of mills and pumps, increasing their efficiency by 15-20%, and reducing energy consumption were determined through a comprehensive approach.