Currently, a lot of work is being done to improve the quality of low-grade cotton, which is difficult to clean manually and by machine, to improve product quality, reduce costs and provide the population with high-quality and affordable products. Analyzed the scientific work carried out by scientists at all stages of the production of cotton products, as well as the identification and elimination of factors that negatively affect the quality of cotton products, the creation of new resource-saving modern technologies that reduce the cost of production. Based on the analysis of the research results, the influence of speed, pressure and density between each column in the cleaning zone on the cleaning efficiency has been positively analyzed. Particular attention is paid to improving the consumer properties of cotton products due to their wide distribution. introduction into production. Based on the results of the analysis of scientific works, theoretical equations of the effect of distance on the cleaning efficiency in the process of interaction with the column in the zone of cleaning the currently used cotton cleaning equipment from large contaminants were developed. In addition, with the help of springs that vibrate the grating during operation, the gap increases and narrows when the cotton becomes more or less. According to the results of the analysis, it was theoretically proved that the optimal amount of change is 1-3 mm, i.e. in the range of 15-18 mm so that the cotton vibrates with the spring when cleaning, affects the cleaning efficiency.