This article examines the historical roots of non-governmental non-profit activities through the lens of global experience and the evolution of social institutions in the territory of Uzbekistan. The study demonstrates that the emergence of non-governmental non-profit organizations is closely connected with medieval charitable institutions, religious-military orders in Europe, and the waqf system in the Muslim world. A comparative analysis is conducted of the humanitarian and social activities of the Hospitallers, Templars, and the Teutonic Order, as well as waqf-based institutions such as madrasas, mosques, and hospitals (dar al-shifa) in Central Asia, particularly in Uzbekistan. The article highlights the historical formation of the principles of non-governmental status, non-profit orientation, voluntarism, and humanism, which constitute the philosophical and historical foundations of modern non-profit organizations.